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Digital Economy The Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) will impose baseline security requirements on a wide range of products with digital elements (e.g. smart home assistants, connected toys, operating systems). Products will bear the CE marking to indicate that they comply with the CRA. While the regulation applies the same cybersecurity requirements to all products, it adapts the way of assessing conformity based on their security risk level. The CRA enables the European Commission to restrict (in exceptional circumstances) access to the EU market of digital products that represent a significant risk, including based on non-technical risk factors. |
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Telecoms The GIA will include the possibility of tacit agreement for permit-granting, subject to conditions. The gigabit recommendation maintains the possibility for NRAs to allow the gradual increase of wholesale prices during copper decommissioning, albeit with clarifications. The European Commission expressed serious doubt over proposals by the Maltese regulator to continue regulating their broadband market and by the Estonian regulator to deregulate their wholesale local access market. |
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Global Trends The Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) has closed its consultations on the implementation of transparency and fairness policies of Amazon, Apple, Google, LINE Yahoo, Meta, and Rakuten in 2023. METI identified room for improvement in several areas. Among the developments expected in 2024, the Japanese government might consider introducing new measures to encourage competition in the market of mobile app distribution and payment systems. Japan is actively contributing to international debates on competition in digital markets, this Global Trends Flash also highlights. |
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Sustainability In December 2023, the European Commission published a draft delegated regulation for establishing a common EU scheme to rate the sustainability of data centres. From May 2024, data centres would be expected to monitor and communicate to an EU database specific information on their operation and domain control. |
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Media Brazil has reinstated content quotas for national works on cinema screens and pay TV following their expiration in 2021 and 2023, respectively. The quotas now apply in cinemas until 31 December 2033 and on pay TV until 31 December 2038. Additionally, Ancine, Brazil's media regulator, may now exercise measures to prevent the unauthorised use of national works or protected foreign works. |
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The UK's exit from the EU in 2021 empowered the UK Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) to probe big global mergers concurrently with the European Commission. So far, six acquisitions in digital markets have faced such parallel merger reviews, and in four of them, the Commission and the CMA diverged.
Cullen International's new report looks at these cases side by side, shedding light on the different conclusions often reached by the two authorities. |
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